• Glycine or glycine is an organic compound with the formula NH₂CH₂COOH. With a substituent hydrogen in its side chain, glycine is the smallest of the twenty amino acids commonly found in proteins.
• It is the simplest amino acid in which the side chain consists of a hydrogen atom. The acid has the molecular formula C₂H₅NO₂, meaning that its alpha carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms, thus losing its asymmetry and not being considered a chiral center. Therefore, glycine has no mirror-image isomers. Glycine is classified as a small hydrophobic
• Glycine was first isolated from gelatin in 1820.  The name comes from the ancient Greek word γλυκύς, meaning "sweet-tasting” (which is also related to the prefixes glyco- and gluc-, as in glycoprotein (glycoprotein) and glucose).
• Glycine is manufactured industrially by treating hydrochloric and acetic acid with ammonia: 

ClCH₂COOH + 2NH₃ → H₂NCH₂COOH + NH₄ Chlorine

• Official name (IUPAC): Glycine
• Other names: Aminoethanoic - acidAminoacetic acid
• Abbreviations Gly , G
• Registration number (CAS)    56-40-6 ☑
• PubChem        750
• chemical formula       C2H5NO2
• molar mass     75.07 g.mol −1
• molar mass     75.07
• Appearance    white solid
• density            1.607 g/ cm³
• Melting point 233 °C (decomposition)
• solubility in water      24.99 g/100 mL (25 °C) 
• solubility        Soluble in ethanol, pyridine - insoluble in ether
• Acidity (pKa)  2.34 (carboxyl), 9.6 (amino) 
• Risks LD 50      2600 mg/kg (mouse, oral)

• Uses of glycine in the veterinary medicine sector:

Glycine is used in veterinary medicine, particularly for poultry, as an essential nutritional supplement to promote growth, collagen production, and reduce joint inflammation. It acts as an immune modulator and a powerful antioxidant, is a component of creatine, and is used in urinary irrigation solutions during surgery.

• Uses of Glycine in Human Medicine:

Glycine is used medically and as a supplement to improve sleep quality, promote relaxation, and support joint and muscle health, in addition to its role as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It is involved in collagen synthesis, helps protect the heart, regulates blood sugar levels, and treats metabolic disorders.

• Uses of Glycine in Agriculture:

Glycine is used in agriculture as a natural bio stimulant and chelating agent to promote plant growth, increase nutrient uptake, and mitigate environmental stress. It improves photosynthesis and strengthens roots. Applying glycine (especially as a foliar spray) is a sustainable and safe alternative for increasing crop yields and fruit quality compared to traditional chemical fertilization.

• Use of Glycine in the Cosmetics Sector:

Glycine is an essential and effective amino acid in cosmetics, playing a pivotal role in supporting healthy skin and hair thanks to its simple molecular structure that allows it to penetrate and act effectively. It is one of the main components of collagen, making up about one-third of its amino acids.

• Use of Glycine in Dietary Supplements and Muscle Building:

Glycine is a non-essential amino acid that promotes muscle building, improves sleep quality, and supports connective tissue repair. As a dietary supplement, it increases creatine and collagen production, which helps reduce muscle breakdown, increase strength, and improve physical performance. It is recommended to take it in safe doses of up to 15-60 grams daily for therapeutic purposes.